Woolfs A Room of Ones Own and Wollstonecrafts A Vindications of the Rights of Woman Essays

Woolfs A Room of Ones Own and Wollstonecrafts A Vindications of the Rights of Woman Essays Woolfs A Room of Ones Own and Wollstonecrafts A Vindications of the Rights of Woman Paper Woolfs A Room of Ones Own and Wollstonecrafts A Vindications of the Rights of Woman Paper Paper Topic: Writing The Heart Of a Woman Mary Wollstonecrafts A Vindication of the Rights of Woman was distributed in 1792, a time of radical change in the wake of the French Revolution, and one of the primary instances of women's activist writing. Virginia Woolfs A Room of Ones Own, composed longer than a century later and distributed in 1929, showed up in the wake of a few women's activist developments, the Suffragettes of the earlier century and ladies being given indistinguishable democratic rights from men only a year prior to, an outcome from womens inclusion in the First World War. The two writings are as an all-encompassing paper, in the composed mode, with the reason to illuminate and convince. The crowd for the two writings is fundamentally the higher classes, instructed individuals with the cash to send their youngsters to non-public schools, henceforth the conversation of tutoring in both content selections. A prompt disparity is clear in the two writings; however both location an informed crowd, the degrees of custom vary. Woolf keeps a lower level of formaily with the peruser, utilizing antiquities, for example, tsk-tsk and overstatement (in expressions, for example, I have avoided the obligation and bowed somewhere around the heaviness of the subject) for comedic impact, while Wollstonecrafts language contains phrases that would not be viewed as obsolescences at that point, for example, of a Sunday and angels, and in this manner without the humourous tenor of Woolfs text, however utilizing a similar style of language. Remarkably, the two writings utilize the utilization of an individual record to represent the writings content. The two records pass on the principles in regards to strolling on grass, and are somwhat comparative in style Wollstonecrafts custom scatters to create an entry much the same as Woolfs work, a bounty of the primary individual pronoun I is found just as hyperbolic language (dictator of this area to allude to a school ace and refering to the schoolyard as a jail yard), giving the short section a practically conversational tone. Notwithstanding, not at all like Woolfs work, this lower tenor is saved for a section put outside the primary collection of text, inferring a more elevated level of convention was anticipated from a book in Wollstonecrafts time, contradicted to Woolfs capacity to uninhibitedly compose with a low tenor all through the article. Linguistically, an undeniable distinction between the writings is the utilization of accentuation in deciding sentence length. Wollstonecraft utilizes right around an unreasonable measure of accentuation, bringing about long sentences; In the best controlled schools, be that as it may, where multitudes are not packed together, numerous negative behavior patterns must be gained; at the same time, at normal schools, the body, heart, and comprehension, are similarly hindered, for guardians are frequently just in mission of the least expensive school, and the ace couldn't live, on the off chance that he didn't take an a lot more prominent number than he could overse e himself; nor will the meager concession, took into consideration every kid, license him to recruit ushers adequate to aid the release of the mechanical piece of the business. The utilization of semi-colons to make verbose complex sentences are in direct difference to Woolfs oftentimes shorter compound and complex sentences, regardless of utilizing various semi-colons; I need not state that what I am going to depict has no presence; Oxbridge is a development; so is Fernham; I is just an advantageous term for someone who has no genuine being. Woolfs sentences, being shorter, stay more rational than Wollstonecrafts much of the time prolix entries, mirror an adjustment in the standard of availability of writings, a twentieth Century crowd requesting compact data contradicted to the eighteenth Century style of formal and complex language (to be sure, the Romantic verse development of Wollstonecrafts time required a conclusion to the self important and elite styles of composing supported by writers of the time). Woolf likewise utilizes language in the bringing down of her tenor, utilizing the second individual pronoun you to allude to the peruser straightforwardly, something the Wollstonecraft text decreases to do, also utilizing the unprejudiced first individual (One can just give ones crowd ) for a standoffish, comedic impact. In spite of the fact that the utilization of one might be normal in the old, increasingly formal content of Wollstonecraft, it is excluded. Rather, the two writings are comparative in their successive utilization of the primary individual I. As the two writings mean to pass on the writers sees, this is not really astonishing, however the recurrence wherein is shows up in Woolfs text overwhelms Wollstonecrafts utilization again suggesting an adjustment in the normal custom of their particular times. Woolfs utilization of non-standard language structure (in opening sentences with a combination But anyway little it was ), runs ( a subject is profoundly disputable and any inquiry concerning sex is that one can't plan to come clean. ), to give a feeling of immediacy, and incidental comments all give A Room of Ones Own a practically conversational tone obvious considering it being founded on a progression of talks given by Woolf. Once more, this distinction in language mirrors the moving social patterns Wollstonecraft would have been not able to give addresses, or even permitted inside a college, and the language in Rights of Woman mirrors this; Wollstonecraft utilizes bracket or runs, thus the content needs Woolfs immediacy. An immediate case of progress in language structure is Wollstonecrafts a propensity. An is the more seasoned type of the inconclusive article (though in Woolfs text and the cutting edge both an and a future utilized relying upon articulation), starting from the German ein, mirroring the adjustment in impact of different dialects on English from the eighteenth Century. As far as semantics, a fascinating likeness is the mutual utilization of a smenatic field of nature noth works regularly use terms, for example, creature spirits blooms of expectation and matured in Vindication, and Woolfs visit references and analogies, for example, contrasting of an idea with the kind of fish that a decent angler returns in the water and depicting the hedges and the bank of the stream around her in clear detail. Be that as it may, their utilization contrasts; Wollstonecraft keeps the references short and intends to commend the enthusiastic interests utilized in an influential book, though Woolf is exceptionally abstract and utilizes talk in her portrayals, wealthy in modifiers, exemplification and latinate language; to one side and left shrubberies or some likeness thereof, goldren and dark red, gleamed with the shading, even it appeared to be copied with heat, of fire. On the further bank the willows sobbed in interminable groan, their hair about their shoulders. Woolfs incorporation of the semantic field in her talk again proposes a progressively loosened up mentality towards language in the twentieth Century contrasted with the eighteenth considering the earth shattering regular way of thinking and powerful parts of Wollstonecrafts comtemporaries verse (the Romantics, for example, Wordsworth, Keats and Shelley), it is not really amazing there is an absence of luxuriously improved language and exemplification in Rights of Woman; as an influential book, it would not have been paid attention to. Lexically, further contrasts show an adjustment in language. Wollstonecraft as often as possible utilizes enthusiastic lexis, for example, he physical and moral shades of malice that torment humankind, just as of the indecencies and indiscretions that debase and pulverize ladies This proposes what impacts language has likewise changed. Wollstonecrafts references to underhandedness and indecencies and imprudences propose a profound impact on language, not obvious thinking about the significance of the Bible in the eighteenth and nineteenth hundreds of years. The decrease of this impact can be seen in Woolfs text, where no notice of good or otherworldly issues are made, rather recommending it is the thoughts, the partialities of individuals that are liable for the hindrences confronting ladies composing fiction. Different contrasts come in the graphology of the writings, Rights of Woman strikingly being printed with the long s (? ). The short structure came into utilization around 1800, as was the standard when A Room of Ones Own was distributed, and is illustrative of the perspectives towards simplicity of perusing, disarray with the letter f was normal, and again shows English moving endlessly from its Germanic roots, preferring the Antinqua Script as Germany proceeded with Blackletter styles (still clear today in the German Eszett I ). At last, it is the setting of the two messages that decides the distinctions and language change. As societys perspectives towards both language and woman's rights loose, so did the language, and this is reflected in the difference in tenor between the two writings. Further logical components incorporate training and womens rights Woolf, however not sent to class, got abstract instruction from her well off guardians, and this significant level of proficiency and loosened up mentalities towards women's liberation appears in the rich language of A Room of Ones Own. While Wollstonecraft was composing it was as yet viewed as inconceivable for a lady to act outside the standard (after Wollstonecrafts demise, her spouses describes of her relationships caused such an embarrassment her after death notoriety was left shredded), and as such Rights of Women is reliably written in a conventional tenor, maintaining a strategic distance from language that would be considered innapropiate, (for example, Woolfs portrayal of a Beadle as an inquisitive looking article), rather deciding to keep well inside societys standards.

Hofstede Labels the Chinese as a Collectivist Culture

Presentation The economy of China has been well-to-do in the previous decades announcing monetary development rates outperforming 8.0%. This makes China to assume a basic job and contribute fundamentally towards the development of worldwide economy.Advertising We will compose a custom appraisal test on Hofstede Labels the Chinese as a Collectivist Culture explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the partnerships found in China have neglected to intrigue the globe not quite the same as its astounding financial development rate. To support the gross modern yield and monetary development rate, China has been impressively reliant on the FDI (remote direct ventures). Study writing in any case demonstrates that most businesses situated in China grasp work serious methodology to deliver minimal effort items. In addition, nearby based organizations neglect to create best in class wares while most administration barely flourishes in aggravated social circumstances. Befo rehand, numerous organizations found in China worked in secured financial and business conditions due to business protectionisms. By the by, the pace at which China opens up and seek after financial changes has empowered the nation to develop as a monetary development component. Notwithstanding the way that the embraced business systems neglected to be gainful, different Chinese business endeavors and enterprises are in the correct way to thriving given the force of the accepted culture. Contrasted with the created states, firms in China have more vulnerable inventive social limits. Consequently, the Chinese organizations experienced genuine difficulties and issues as for adjusting to worldwide business rivalries and circumstances. Such rivalries have constrained Chinese organizations to be creative to adjust to the predominant changes. To be serious, different researchers have repeated that Chinese enterprises ought focus on creating procedures and wares, however should concentrate on overseeing, observing, comprehension, and learning the Chinese culture to succeed.Advertising Looking for evaluation on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As Hofstede puts it, Chinese residents and partnerships will in general grasp cooperation culture in their activities so as to flourish in the current serious globalized markets. Truth be told, the collectivist Chinese culture is exemplified in the Chinese corporations’ imaginative culture (Tjosvold Ziyou, 2007). This paper offers an examination on why Hofstede frequently named the Chinese as a collectivist culture. The paper is secured on close to home understanding and examines just as offers models on the motivation behind why Chinese is named as a collectivist culture. Characterizing society The idea of culture has for quite some time been corresponded to instruction, ethnography, correspondence, brain research, and human science. A t the point when every one of these perspectives are unmistakably explored, they offer explicit definitions for the word culture. Unit Fai, Kwai-Sang and Lau (2000), state that culture consolidates different convictions and gauges that people and gatherings share in their social orders. Howell and Shea (2006) then again guarantee that culture involves ways of life grasped by people or gatherings. For example, culture incorporates the general public, esteem frameworks, advancements, occupations, philosophies, practices, just as talks. Hofstede (1983) while examining the people’s values stated that culture has four particular measurements in particular the shirking of vulnerability, manliness or womanliness, independence or community, just as force separations. Given that, there are different definitions for corporate culture, Hofstede, Neuijen, Ohayv and Sanders (1990) offered the most precise definition for culture. The researchers characterize corporate culture to fuse an ag gregate encoding of individual and gatherings thoughts recognizing individuals in various groups.Advertising We will compose a custom evaluation test on Hofstede Labels the Chinese as a Collectivist Culture explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This suggests, culture emerges to be the mutually held principles frameworks that could be changed whenever. Martinsons and Hempel (1995) guarantee that culture can be measured based on different attributes including strength, forcefulness, the direction of groups, individuals, and results, just as focusing on subtleties, facing challenges and advancements. The present Chinese culture and corporate culture The Confucian worth plan is the social overwhelming point in the way of life of Chinese. As indicated by Confucius and his aficionados, Confucianism alludes generally to a few creeds. Without a doubt, Confucianism is a plan in the way of thinking of moral possibilities and good directs that snuggle the ideas, which are loos e and wide. Through small scale elements of the general public like families, this philosophical framework maintains social request and the affectability in the levels of leadership (Lo, 1997). Hence, the way of life of China along with the elements of Hofstede shows highlights, for example, shirking of vulnerability, manliness or gentility, independence or cooperation, just as force separates High force separation epitomizes Chinese aggregate culture as per Choi, Troy, and Veillette (2009). Contrasted with the other relating people from Japan and Europe, the Chinese top administration delights in impact over each choice. This exudes from the investigation of Chinese undertaking with respect to control separation and their auxiliary effect. Truth be told, in China the force in dynamic is government. Be that as it may, the dynamic in Japan and Europe considers capacity to be nearly even among various administration echelons in an organization.Advertising Searching for evaluation on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More A Chinese center supervisor for example barely has any state in the dynamic procedures contrasted with a foreman in Western country. The way of life of Chinese distinctions status and force authority enormously. Consequently, this outcomes into the idea of concentrated force in the way of life of Chinese. The collectivist culture is resounded from the Confucian embodiment that an individual obeys leaders just as their parentages. Absolutely, the situation of a person in a partnership in China is regarded huge more than the name. This makes the individuals of China to incline toward being related to business title names. In particular, these business names help in clarifying an individual’s participation and rank in an organization (Martinsons Hempel, 1995). The way of life of Chinese accentuates on social union, affectability, trust, and assortment amicability. Then again, the way of life moves a complex levels of leadership dependent on between conditions and between connecti ons. Here, independence isn't seen as an augmentation of individual commitment and personality but instead to be expressive of egocentric lead. This shows Chinese aggregate culture is inclined towards a gathering. Subsequently, transcendence is fit to a gathering and accord building. There is need for trust and co-activity in the midst of each and every part inside the gathering. In this way with the point of keeping up accord in the gathering, co-activity and trust make it fundamental for an individual to help, tell truth and self-respect now and again (Hofstede, 1983). The Chinese become worried about alliance and are progressively emotive because of the accentuation on congruity preservation and the protecting of face and respect. Inside an association, the Chinese are then disposed to debilitate relational competition. An association encounters danger rather than supported target accomplishment. This radiates because of various contentions among association individuals for extra neous rewards. The request for upkeep inside the majority of particular families impacts the security of the whole country. By and large, heaps of dependence is sited upon between close to home affinities in the Chinese business direct as respects to the Confucian way of thinking. A noble penchant towards the dependence on singular trust is in the way of life of Chinese (Howell Shea, 2006). Definitely, a few professional interactions are set up on singular affinities. The development of broad individual relations is regarded as the basic part of business in the Chinese aggregate culture. By the by, this situation is confronting changes with the execution of various business orders. The presence of the idea of face in the aggregate culture of Chinese should be suggested essentially as it coordinates sense of self and social picture angles. What's more, face angle is a proportion of social worth without which an individual can't work in the aggregate culture of the Chinese (Cameron, 1 994). In an individual’s direct and brain research, the idea of face puts a huge featuring job in portraying cooperations and it includes rather unmistakably. Without a doubt, everyone in the Chinese aggregate culture grasps the necessities that must be met to maintain immovable relationship. In this manner, the event of versatile face thought curbs war. The idea of face fuses the dimensional gatherings, which are probably going to prevail over close to home concerns. Dissimilar to in the Western where ideas like face may potentially be utilized to mean social standing and individual pride, face is firmly laced by method of individual triumph inside the setting of Chinese aggregate culture. Regard for power, co-employable conduct, and responsibility are what the aggregate culture of Chinese places a premium on dependent on Homburg, Workman and Jensen (2000) statements. From the high degree of homogeneousness and communism required by the Chinese aggregate culture, there is an affinity for China to dodge danger and vulnerability. All things considered, hazard stretches out among individuals from a gathering since decisions are regular

Book Riots Deals of the Day for September 10th, 2019

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Student Affairs Student And Student - 758 Words

Being that student affairs is still somewhat new to me, only having experience as a student and student worker, I was really excited to begin reading and learning more about student affairs. Out of the first three chapters, the chapter that I found the most interesting was chapter three about the student enrollment patterns. Having been a transfer student myself, it was interesting to me to learn how there is a variety of types and classifications of enrollment patterns emerging such as reverse transferring, swirling and double dipping, and distance learning. I learned that the type of transfer that I completed would be considered an upward transfer since I started with earning my associates degree at a community college and then transferred to a four-year institution to complete my bachelor’s degree. It was also interesting to me that the text wrote that â€Å"the current story of college enrollment patterns is one of student mobility and the portability of college credi ts† (Renn Reason, 46). I found this to not be the opposite of what I experienced as an undergraduate student since I was only part of a handful of other transfer students. During the latter part of my undergraduate experience when I was completing my bachelor’s degree, I often felt like being a transfer student or having course credit from another institution was seen as a hindrance. From an academic perspective, I felt like I was always seen as a special case when it came to things like registering forShow MoreRelatedStudent Affairs And Student Development1771 Words   |  8 PagesStudent personnel point of view encompasses the student as a whole. The concept of education is broadened o the student’’s well rounded development- physically, socially, emotionally and spiritually as well as intellectually. (sppv) Student affairs not only emphasize on academic excellence but to shape each individual as a unique human by providing a holistic learning and living environment. Student Affairs professionals play a pivotal role in the development of the students. By applying differentRead MoreExploring the Different Types of Helpers1442 Wo rds   |  6 Pagesprofessional helpers who work in fields such as health, education, and social work. The only true professionals licensed to help are counselors and psychiatrists, but the skills provided allow helpers to further assist in the development of the helpee. Student Affairs professionals cultivate skills in multiple areas to promote success on a collegiate level. They develop skills as educators, counselors, conduct officers, and advisors. 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My Philosophy on Student Affairs Part I God calls us to serve and to do everything with love (1 Peter 4:10, 1 Corinthians 16:14). As a Student Affairs (SA) professional

Death Penalty Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment - 1706 Words

The legal executions first started in California when it was under the Practices Act in 1851. Then in February 14th 1872 it was put in the Penal Code. Capital punish in counties continued until an amendment by the legislature in 1891 said that it could only happen in the State Prisons picked by the court. The first state execution in California happens on March 3rd 1893 at San Quentin and the first one in Folsom was on December 13th 1895. In the 1937’s the legislature decided that instead of hanging people they were going to use lethal gas. This did not affect the people that were already sentenced to be hanged and the last hanging was in December 3rd 1937 at Folsom and the last hanging in Quentin was hold on May 1st 1942. Twenty-five years after 1967 because of the United States Supreme Court choices there were no executions. In 1962 the Supreme Court thought that death penalty as cruel and unusual punishment. Because of this 107 people had their sentences changed to someth ing that was not death. In November 1972 nine months after they had this choice the California electorate amended the state constitution overruled it. Then in 1973 the Supreme Court decided that the death penalty was unconstitutional. The California legislation was passed in 1973, which meant that the death penalty could only happen under certain conditions. These conditions were kidnapping if the person dies, train wrecking if any person dies, assault by a life prisoner if the victim dies within aShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment988 Words   |  4 PagesThe death penalty has been around for centuries. It dates back to when Hammurabi had his laws codified; it was â€Å"an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth†. Capital punishment in America started when spies were caught, put on trial and hung. In the past and still today people argue that, the death penalty is cruel, unusual punishment and should be illegal. Yet many people argue that it is in fact justifiable and it is not cruel and unusual. Capital punishment is not cruel and unusual; the death penaltyRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment1432 Words   |  6 PagesSome people think that abolishing the death penalty would cause criminals to commit more capital crimes. Although to some degree this is true, I believe that if a criminal is going to commit any capital crime his or her first thought is how can I get away with this? Most criminal may not even think about getting caught. For me this statement applies to the mentally ill convicts, which is one of the reasons why I’m against the death penalty. Besides the execution of an mentally ill person these areRead MoreDeath Penalty : Cruel And Unusual Punishment?1192 Words   |  5 PagesDeath Penalty: Cruel and Unusual Punishment? Yvette Y. Rushing Northwest Florida State College Abstract The death penalty has been has been questioned about whether it is a reasonable sentence based on our 8th Amendment Right which protects us from cruel and unusual punishment. In the 1976, Gregg v. Georgia case the U. S. Supreme Court has chose to uphold the death penalty. The only way an offender can be sentenced to the death penalty is if they have intentionally taken the life of theRead MoreIs the Death Penalty Cruel and Unusual Punishment? Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesCapital punishment remains a cause for debate with people continuing to disagree on what cruel and unusual punishment consists of. Cruel and unusual punishment being defined as torture or a deliberately degrading punishment, in no way does the death penalty fall into this category. Having the death penalty in our society deters potential violent offenders from committing crimes, saves the government money, and guarantees that offenders will not commit these crimes again. The United States shouldRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is A Form Of Cruel And Unusual Punishment1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty till this day remains to be a very controversial topic. Some people may argue that it should be considered a form of cruel and unusual punishment; others may rebuttal in saying that the death penalty is capital punishment. When visiting the idea of placing someone to death one must bear in mind the possibility of condemning an innocent person through such torture, the brutalizing effect on society it may leave, and the serious psychological trauma that a defendants family and friendsRead More The Death Penalty is Cruel and Unusual Punishment Essay examples1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty does not punish people for killing but for murdering someone. Murder is the unlawful, malicious, or permitted killing of one human being by another (Carmical 1). The slogan should be ?We execute people t o show people that murder is wrong.? The death penalty is racist, it punishes the poor, it causes the innocent to die, it is not a deterrent against violent crime, and it is cruel and unusual punishment. The death penalty is wrong and it should be abolished. The death penaltyRead More Capital Punishment Essay - Death Penalty is Neither Cruel Nor Unusual1166 Words   |  5 PagesDeath Penalty is Neither Cruel Nor Unusual A man sits immobile in a steel chair with a metal cap resting on his bald head. A priest reads selections from the Bible telling him he will go to Heaven if he confesses his sins to God. The man just smiles as the security guard pulls the switch, and one thousand volts of electricity flows through the mans body. His entire frame shakes in convulsions as his head bobs up and down with the shock. In a couple of seconds the mans life is over. The priestRead MoreThe Argument Of Cruel And Unusual Punishment1293 Words   |  6 Pagesnor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.† Specifically, the idea of cruel and unusual punishment has been a topic of dispute since its inception. Although the United States practiced execution as a punishment beforehand, â€Å"the Supreme Court did not address the death penalty issue until 1972.† It is often debated how we are to define cruel and unusual because of the vague nature of the terms. Because it is thought that the terms were kept vague in order to keep up with new forms of cruel andRead MoreThe Death Penalty Of Capital Punishment903 Words   |  4 PagesDeath Penalty Capital punishment have been a main debate on whether it is a cruel and unusual punishment and what it actually consist of. Even though the death penalty has been abolished in most of the western nation, the United States remain to practice the activity. The death penalty is perceived by an abolitionist as a form of cruel, unusual punishment. The idea comes from the fact that the death penalty deny the criminal their right to life. The judgment to execute criminals comes from governmentRead MoreThe Debate Over Capital Punishment936 Words   |  4 PagesThe debate over capital punishment is in regards to whether the death penalty contradicts the Eighth Amendment. If the death penalty does contradict the Eight Amendment, then the State should not have the power to sentence criminals to death for capital crimes. However, if capital punishment is not against the Eighth Amendment, then the State has the right to sentence criminals to death. In this essay I will first summarize Justice Br ennan’s argument on why the death penalty is beyond the power of

Culture, no doubt one of the most complex words of the...

Culture, no doubt one of the most complex words of the English language, for years, scholars debated its definition. Clarifying what culture means in this essay or what culture means in an Intercultural respect would be to start by defining what it is not. Culture does not refer to products of the intellectual and artistic elites, or â€Å"high-culture†, nor does it refer Lady Gaga’s dress sense or Miley Cyrus’s Twerking or otherwise known as â€Å"pop-culture† both examples of such culture are merely aesthetics , for all intents and purposes of this essay, culture will be operationally defined as an ambiguous set of values, assumptions, beliefs about directions to life, procedural and behavioral norms that influence individuals with held†¦show more content†¦Following that, this paper would bring about some context specific examples to contest the universality of face, most notably the Collectivistic cultures such as Japan. Examining other author s’ categorizations of positive and negative politeness in an attempt to identify the confounding factor as well as looking into the context Brown and Levinson may have used in the formulation of their Politeness theory which produced conflicting dichotomies that might have been because of some untenable assumptions of that age. If the linguistic community were to then accept the assumption as criteria for politeness, what then should be done to clarify the dichotomies? An intercultural interaction usually consists of three components, namely the Person which consists of gender, age, socio-economic status etc., Culture which encompasses the values, beliefs, communication styles, the Situation which comprises of the setting of the exchange, location, formality, and privacy. 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Continuing in the following way shows that she knew everybody would accept that â€Å"It’s the only one I’ve written to be liked, and I did it partly to show off†. Yet, carrying on that â€Å"there is very little life in Possession. It is all art†. These and other comments, nevertheless, Byatt offers about her work should be stood by means of the common proverb grain of salt-there is without a doubt a decent deal of art in Possession, and every so often the life becomes confined within the art, onRead MoreDalit Feministic Quest in Bamas Sangati2762 Words   |  12 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   RAJA SEKAR.R    PH.D RESEARCH SCHOLAR,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   PH.D RESEARCH SCHOLAR,    DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   DEPARTMENT OF   Ã‚  ENGLISH,    ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY,    CHIDAMBARAM  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   CHIDAMBARAM    Mail Id: englitphd@gmail.com rajasekarmtm@gmail.com      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dalit Feministic quest in Bama’s Sangati English is the global language which mainly contributes in the societyRead MoreFilm and Translation Studies2787 Words   |  11 Pagespurposes of dubbing is one of the most peculiar disciplines within the field of translation; yet, the studies are mainly focus on script translation, i.e. dubbing and subtitling. 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The term Ebonics is the most recently coined name for a speech pattern that has been around for several hundred years. Synonyms for Ebonics include, but are not limited to, Black English, Black Vernacular, African American Vernacular English (AAVE),Jive, Rappin, even the derogatory term of Nigger Talk(Shabaz). The words language anddialect are ambiguous and often interchanged when they should not be, because of theRead MoreWritten Sources13656 Words   |  55 PagesUniversity December, 2012 Abstract Historians have used different kinds of sources to reconstruct the narratives of the past or to create a complete and accurate picture of what happened in the past on such aspects as politics, economy, society, culture, religion and art. Their task is not easy and obviously, studying early Indian history also follows this principle. In fact, sources of ancient Indian history are complicated, especially in the case of the written sources, so they need to be examined

OEDIPUS TYRANNUS Essay Thesis Example For Students

OEDIPUS TYRANNUS Essay Thesis A monologue from the play by Sophocles NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Greek Dramas. Ed. Bernadotte Perrin. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1904. PRIEST: O king! thou seest what numbers throng thy altars;Here, bending sad beneath the weight of years,The hoary priests, here crowd the chosen youthOf Thebes, with these a weak and suppliant trainOf helpless infants, last in me beholdThe minister of Jove: far off thou seestAssembled multitudes, with laurel crowned,To where Minervas hallowed temples riseFrequent repair, or where Ismenus lavesApollos sacred shrine: too well thou knowstThy wretched Thebes, with dreadful storms oppressed,Scarce lifts her head above the whelming flood;The teeming earth her blasted harvest mourns,And on the barren plain the flocks and herdsUnnumbered perish; dire abortion thwartsThe mothers hopes, and painful she brings forthThe half-formed infant; baleful pestilenceHath laid our city waste, the fiery godStalks oer deserted Thebes; while with our groansEnriched, the gloomy god of ErebusTriumphant smiles. O Oedipus! to theeWe bend; behold these youths, with me they kneel,And suppliant at they altars sue f or aid,To thee the first of men, and only lessThan them whose favour thou alone canst gain,The gods above; thy wisdom yet may healThe deep-felt wounds, and make the powers divinePropitous to us. Thebes long since to theeHer safety owed, when from the Sphinx deliveredThy grateful people saw thee, not by manBut by the gods instructed, save the land:Now then, thou best of kings, assist us now.Oh! by some mortal or immortal aidNow succour the distress! On wisdom oft,And prudent counsels in the hour of ill,Success awaits. O dearest prince! support,Relieve thy Thebes; on thee, its saviour once,Again it calls. Now, if thou wouldst not seeThe memry perish of thy former deeds,Let it not call in vain, but rise and save!With happiest omens once and fair successWe saw thee crowned: oh, be thyself again,And may thy will and fortune be the same!If thou art yet to reign, O king! rememberA sovereigns riches is a peopled realm;For what will ships or lofty towers availUnarmed with men to guard and to defend them?

Once more to the lake free essay sample

After reading all of the descriptive essays I found that I liked the â€Å"Once More to the Lake â€Å"By E. B White. His essay is easily readable and his diction is simplistic. His descriptions and imagery include Whites past and present memories. The narration is first person through the eyes and voice of the author. On the other hand I feel that his theme is more elusive. This retrospection allows the reader to slip behind the wall of time and memories to watch a son and father enjoy the America dream a vacation, reflecting on childhood memories the author recalls a trip back to the place where he had spent summer vacations with his parents and siblings. This event which seemed very enjoyable challenges him to look back at his relationship with his own father now that he has returned he realizes that some things vary and other things a person cannot stop from changing he and his son stay in the same cabin near the same dock on the same lake as he had done in his childhood. We will write a custom essay sample on Once more to the lake or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Over and over again the author comments that there has been no years gone by. I believe he felt that he had traveled back in time and though several decades had passed, everything was the same. I think the audience he is trying to appeal is parents specifically fathers. Because the story is based on his relationship with his father comparing it with his relationship now with his son. Just more personally I think this essay is also able to appeal anybody that has thought of what your parents did with their parents. After reading all of the narrative essays I found that I enjoyed How to Say Nothing in 500 Words by Paul McHenry Roberts. I feel that it is an article discussing the various points of Freshman College writing that makes for poor and drab papers his main points focus around writing from the less usual side to add interest using colorful and colorless language appropriately for more meaning and of course getting rid of the added padding that make otherwise good papers excessively poor. The essay he wrote mentions that all of the topics he is discussing is usual freshman college level writing yet he also makes sure to point out that it does not necessarily have to stay that way. He provides a large number of examples under each header giving nice concrete facts in his writing to help perpetuate understanding. I feel that the intended audience was for young writers or students.

How the Harlem Hellfighters Became World War I Heroes

How the Harlem Hellfighters Became World War I Heroes The Harlem Hellfighters were an all-black combat unit whose heroic World War I service is once again earning recognition more than a century after the end of the war. About 200,000 African Americans served in Europe during WWI and, of those, about 42,000 were involved in combat. Those servicemen included the Harlem Hellfighters, whose bravery led the 369th Infantry Regiment, originally known as the 15th Regiment of the New York National Guard. The Harlem Hellfighters became one of the most decorated regiments in the war. In addition, they saw more combat and suffered more losses than other American units. Key Takeaways: Harlem Hellfighters The Harlem Hellfighters were an all-black military regiment that fought in World War I, during which the armed forces were segregated. The Hellfighters saw more continuous combat and suffered more casualties than any other U.S. military unit during World War I. The Harlem Hellfighters won a number of awards for their service, including the Croix de Guerre medal from France and the Distinguished Service Cross and the Medal of Honor from the United States. Origins of the Harlem Hellfighters When World War I broke out in Europe, racial segregation was omnipresent in the United States. African Americans faced a series of statutes known as Jim Crow laws that prevented them from voting and codified discrimination in schools, housing, employment, and other sectors. In Southern states, more than one lynching of an African American took place per week. On April 6, 1917, the United States declared war against Germany and formally entered World War I. The first American troops arrived in Europe two months later. The U.S. military did not offer blacks respite from the racism and inhumane treatment they faced elsewhere in society. African Americans servicemen were segregated from whites, who balked at the idea of fighting alongside them. For this reason, the 369th Infantry Regiment was comprised solely of African Americans. Because of the persistent discrimination faced by black Americans, black newspapers and some black leaders thought it hypocritical for the U.S. government to ask blacks to enlist in the war. For example, President Woodrow Wilson had refused to sign an anti-lynching bill to protect African Americans. Other black leaders, such as W.E.B. Du Bois, argued for black participation in the conflict. â€Å"Let us, while this war lasts, forget our special grievances and close our ranks shoulder to shoulder with our white fellow citizens and the allied nations that are fighting for democracy,† Du Bois wrote in the NAACP’s Crisis magazine. (When it was revealed that Du Bois hoped to be named a military captain, readers questioned if his sentiments were really valid.) The mistreatment of African Americans during this time was highlighted by the fact that not all military branches even wanted to include them. The Marines would not accept black servicemen, and the Navy enlisted a small number in menial roles. The Army stood out for accepting the bulk of African American servicemen during World War I. But when the troops departed for Europe in 1918, the Harlem Hellfighters weren’t allowed to take part in a farewell parade because of their skin color. Harlem Hellfighters in Combat In Europe, where they served for six months, the Hellfighters fought under the French Army’s 16th Division. While racism was a global problem in the early 1900s (and remains so today), Jim Crow was not the law of the land in European countries such as France. For the Hellfighters, this meant the chance to show the world what skilled fighters they were. The nickname of the regiment is a direct reflection of how their combat abilities were perceived by their foes. Indeed, the Harlem Hellfighters proved masterful foes of the Germans. During one encounter with enemy forces, Private Henry Johnson and Private Needham Roberts, wounded and lacking ammunition, managed to thwart a German patrol. When Roberts could no longer fight, Johnson fought the Germans off with a knife. The Germans began to refer to members of the Harlem unit as â€Å"the hellfighters† because they were such fierce fighters. The French, on the other hand, had called the regiment â€Å"Men of Bronze.† The 369th Infantry Regiment was also described as the â€Å"Black Rattlers† because of the rattlesnake insignia on their uniforms. The Hellfighters stood out not only for their skin color and fighting prowess but also because of the sheer amount of time they spent fighting. They took part in more continuous combat, or combat without a break, than other U.S. unit of the same size. They saw 191 days on the front lines of battle. Seeing more continuous combat meant that the Harlem Hellfighters also experienced more casualties than other units. The 369th Infantry Regiment had more than 1,400 total casualties. These men sacrificed their lives for an America that had not given them the full benefits of citizenship. Hellfighters After the War Newspapers reported on their heroic efforts, and the Harlem Hellfighters bravery in combat resulted in international fame in the U.S. and abroad.  When the Hellfighters returned to the U.S. in 1919, they were welcomed with a massive parade on February 17. Some estimates say up to five million spectators took part. New Yorkers from a variety of racial backgrounds greeted 3,000 Hellfighters  as they walked in the parade on Fifth Avenue, marking the first time African-American servicemen had received such a reception. It marked a drastic difference from the year before, when the regiment was excluded from the farewell parade before traveling to Europe. The parade wasn’t the only recognition the 369th Infantry Regiment received. When World War I ended, the French government presented 171 of the fighters with the prestigious Croix de Guerre medal. France honored the entire regiment with a Croix de Guerre citation. The United States gave some members of the Harlem Hellfighters a Distinguished Service Cross, among other honors. Remembering the Hellfighters Although the Hellfighters received praise for their service, they faced racism and segregation in a country in which racism and segregation was the law of the land. Moreover, their contributions to World War I largely faded from public memory in the years after the war. In recent years, however, these servicemen have been the subject of renewed interest. A famous photograph taken of nine Harlem Hellfighters before their 1919 homecoming parade intrigued National Archives archivist Barbara Lewis Burger, who decided to find out more about the men pictured. The following is a brief description of each man she researched. Pvt. Daniel W. Storms Jr. won an individual Croix de Guerre for gallantry in action. He worked as a janitor and elevator operator after his service, but died of tuberculosis three years after the victory parade.   Henry Davis Primas Sr. won an individual Croix de Guerre for bravery. He worked as a pharmacist and for the US Post Office after WWI. Pvt. Ed Williams’s combat skills stood out while battling the Germans at Sà ©chault, France. The Hellfighters endured machine gun fire, poison gas and hand-to-hand combat. Cpl. T. W. Taylor won a personal Croix de Guerre for heroism in battle. He worked as a steamship cook, dying in 1983 at age 86. Pvt. Alfred S. Manley worked as a driver for a laundry company after the war. He died in 1933. Pvt. Ralph Hawkins earned a Croix de Guerre that included a Bronze Star for extraordinary heroism. Following WWI, he worked as for the New Deal’s Works Progress Administration. He died in 1951. Pvt. Leon E. Fraiter worked as a jewelry store salesman after the war. He died in 1974. Pvt. Herbert Taylor worked as a laborer in New York City and reenlisted in the Army in 1941. He died in 1984. The Harlem Hellfighters also included Corporal Horace Pippin, who became a well known painter after the war. His arm was disabled due to a battle wound, so he painted by using his left arm to hold up his right arm. He credited the war with inspiring him as an artist: â€Å"I can never forget suffering, and I will never forget sun set,† he wrote in a letter featured at the Smithsonian. â€Å"That is when you could see it. So I came home with all of it in my mind. And I paint from it to day.† He painted his first oil painting, â€Å"The End of the War: Starting Home,† in 1930. It shows black soldiers storming German troops. Pippin died in 1946, but his letters have helped to describe what the war was like firsthand. In addition to Pippin, Henry Johnson has received significant recognition for his service as a Harlem Hellfighter. In 2015, he posthumously received a U.S. Medal of Honor for fending off a group of German soldiers with just a knife and the butt of his rifle. Legacy Today Museums, veterans’ groups, and individual artists have paid tribute to the Harlem Hellfighters.  The National Museum of African American History and Culture, which opened in 2016, has an exhibition called â€Å"Double Victory: The African American Military Experience,† which highlights the achievements of the Hellfighters and other black servicemen. The 369th Veterans’ Association was established to honor members of the 369th infantry, and the Hellfighters were the subject of a graphic novel called the Harlem Hellfighters. Sources â€Å"Remembering the Harlem Hellfighters.† National Museum of African American History and Culture.Gates, Jr., Henry Louis. â€Å"Who Were the Harlem Hellfighters?† PBS.org.Keilers, John. U.S. Declares War on Germany... U.S. Army Military History Institute, 13 March 2008. Ruane, Michael E. â€Å"The Harlem Hellfighters were captured in a famous photo. Now a retired archivist has uncovered their stories.† Washington Post, 11 November, 2017.Ruane, Michael E. â€Å"Harlem Hellfighters: In WWI, we were good enough to go anyplace.† Washington Post, 1 June, 2015.

Amino Acid Found in the Protein Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Amino Acid Found in the Protein - Assignment Example In this pathway, regulation is majorly dependent on both positive and negative feedback mechanisms. Specifically, the positive feedback control mechanism is essential in the ripening of fruits and senescence of flowers. In tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), there is an upsurge in ethylene production after exposure to exogenous ethylene. This, in turn, activates the activity of 1-Aminocyclopropane -1- Carboxylate Synthase. The role of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase with regard to the ripening of fruits was first demonstrated in the year 1991. In this experiment, its role was fully understood in transgenic tomato plants that expressed the protein antisense Ribonucleic acid (RNA). Further experimental studies involving mutagenesis and crystallization of the enzyme, three-dimensional structures as well as amino acid residues have been of core importance in understanding its role. ACC synthase is beneficial in a number of ways including induction of apoptosis by oxidative stres s, response to both external stimulus and ethylene. ACC synthase is important in cellular response to iron ions. Additionally, the protein plays a vital role in response to wounding, mechanical stimulus as well as jasmonic acid. This protein is expressed during various developmental and growth stages such as anthesis, leaf senescence, bilateral and globular stage. Within the plant cell, at the molecular level, this enzyme is important in protein binding and is expressed in the flowers, leaf apex, embryo, stem and the leaves (Alexander and Don 2032).

Research Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Study - Assignment Example It was found that segmentation depends on a number of factors ranging from age, sexual orientation, education to even age. The benefits also spread far and wide from helping in identification of the most and least profitable customers, enabling grouping of consumers by factors like type and size of organization, category and lifestyle of consumers, geographical location, attitudes and behavior, enhancing customer service, helping a business build loyal relationships and so forth. Successful segmentation research, it was found, minimizes the number of segments only giving rise to a small number of big segments. Good research will enable classification of these groups through economic data and other essential information on how these segments change and develop over time. Both Bloomindale and Nordstrom offer high quality products and services though Nordstrom also serves customers of more modest means. Nordstrom Inc. is an upmarket American fashion department store, founded by Carl F. Wallin and John W. Nordstrom currently having its headquarters in Washington’s Seattle. Shoe retail was the company’s beginning and has since grown their catalog to incorporate cosmetics, clothing fragrances, accessories, jewelry and handbags. Some select Nordstrom stores also stock home furnishing and wedding sections. Asof March 16, 2012 it had 225 stores in the United States stores situated in 30 states. There about 245 stores effective in 35 states, which include about 140 Nordstrom Racks and approximately117 Full-Line stores. As of the year 2012, it is the 5th largest department store company in the U.S. by retail sales and the thirty-fourth largest Store in the US in 2013 in terms of revenue. Presently, Nordstrom has distribution centers in, Maryland, California, Oregon, Gainesville, Iowa, Ontario, Upper Marlboro, Dubuque, Florida and Portland (Businessweek.com.

The Battle Of Balaclava History Essay

The Battle Of Balaclava History Essay The Allied victory against the Russians at the Battle of Balaclava on 25 October 1854 was a succession of blunders. Besides the most famous of which is Never get involved in a land war in Asia, there were also major failures in intelligence and communications. Inadequate intelligence preparation resulted in inadequate planning and execution. Poor situational awareness by the Allied commanders on the battlefield contributed to disastrous misunderstandings in communication. The extraordinary bravery exhibited by The Thin Red Line of the Highlanders and the selfless charge of the Light Brigade Into the Valley of Death would not make up for these shortcomings. Failure to Prepare The Crimean War was fought between the Allies of France, Britain and Ottoman Turkey against Russia to remove Russian occupation from the Crimean Peninsula. The war lasted from October 1853 to February 1856. The Battle of Balaclava was the second major Crimean campaign. The purpose of the campaign was to occupy the Russian held port of Sebastopol on the western end of the peninsula. The British army was to march southeast, occupy Balaclava, and lay siege to Sebastopol. The occupation of Balaclava was necessary for resupply and protection of the Allied flank (Kennedy, 1976). The British had failed to consider the climate of the Crimean peninsula in their planning. There was a lack of tents and proper winter clothing which led to reduced combat effectiveness. The British did not have maps and conducted the march by compass alone. The British did not have intelligence of the Russian unit locations. During the march to Balaclava, the leading British elements stumbled across the rearguard elements of a Russian unit at Mackenzies farm. A Russian officer was captured and questioned, but no usable intelligence was gained because the officer was inebriated (Kennedy, 1976). The British lack of intelligence meant they did not know the size of the waiting Russian force they were approaching at Balaclava. The only resistance they met at Balaclava was from a small garrison. The day after the British arrived, French units also arrived. The plan had been for the British and French to both occupy Balaclava prior to the siege of Sebastopol. Their intelligence had failed to show that Balaclava was much too small to support such a force. The French Force was moved to Kameisch Bay leaving the British solely responsible for protecting the Allied flank. Intelligence analysis of the terrain north of Balaclava would have revealed this was not a good choice (Kennedy, 1976). The valley north of Balaclava was blocked to the west by the Sapaune Heights. On the east end of the valley were the Woronzlov Heights. The north side of the valley was bounded by the Fedioukine Heights on top of which ran a road into the interior. Down the middle of the valley, from east to west, ran a ridgeline known as the Causeway Heights (see appended Figures 1-3). The Causeway Heights concealed any actions on the north side of the valley from observers in the south side of the valley (Kennedy, 1976). This blockage of the line-of-sight would contribute to the later blunders. The British constructed four redoubt positions manned by Turks under the command of British Artillery Non-Commissioned Officers along the top of the Causeway Heights approximately a half-mile from each other and a fifth redoubt on top of Canroberts Hill. The cavalry units were encamped at the western end of the South Valley. Infantry (93rd Highlanders), more Turks, and a field battery were positioned around Kadikoi. Twelve-hundred Royal Marines defended Mount Hiblak with twenty-six guns. To the northwest, five British infantry divisions and the French Observation Corps were in the Chersonese Heights (Anthill, 2001). This left the British units extended and unable to support one another while attempting to cover all possible avenues of approach. The British still did not have intelligence on the size or distribution of the Russians (Kennedy, 1976). The British did know, as a result of their skirmish at Mackenzies Farm, that there was an element of Russians somewhere to the east. The British did not know the intentions of the Russians resulting in frequent alerts everytime a Russian scouting patrol was seen. These alerts led to decreased morale and a boy-who-cried-wolf mentality among the British troops. On 24 October a Turkish spy reported the Russians were going to attack on 25 October with 25,000 troops. As a result of the numerous false alerts, this warning was ignored. No attempts were made for reinforcement or to strengthen the British position (Kennedy, 1976). The Russian Attack The Russians, on the other hand, had been conducting intelligence operations and were aware of the weaknesses of the British position. The Russian Commander, Prince Menshikov, planned a three axis attack. In the south, Major General Gribbe, would capture the village of Kamara and move toward redoubt number one. Gribbe had a combined force of infantry, cavalry, and artillery. In the center, second axis, Major General Semiakin would command two columns with artillery support to attack towards redoubts one and two after crossing the Tchernaya. In the north, Colonel Skuderi would cross the Tractir Bridge and move towards redoubt three. After these redoubts were taken, General Ryzhov was to attack the positions around Kadikoi with a unit under Major General Zhaboritski to protect their flank (Anthill, 2001). Before dawn on 25 October the Russians started their advance alerting the British troops under command of Lord Lucan. Lucan sent word to the British Commander-in-Chief, Lord Raglan, and moved Brigadier James Scarletts Heavy Brigade with the Earl of Cardigans Light Brigade in reserve to the western end of the Causeway Heights. The battle began at dawn when the Russian infantry attacked and took redoubts one to four with very little resistance from the Turkish defenders (See Figure 1, A). The Russian force then concentrated around redoubts one to three to prepare for a cavalry attack on Kadikoi. Raglan put the 3rd Infantry on alert, ordered the 1st Division into the South Valley, and the 4th Division into the North Valley. Unfortunately, these divisions would not make it to the battlefield before it was all but over. Sensing the threat to the British lines of communication, the French Commander-in-Chief, Canrobert, ordered two infantry brigades and eight cavalry squadrons to the wester n end of the South Valley (Anthill, 2001). The Thin Red Line At about 0830 Liprandi ordered Ryzhov to attack the enemy camp; the first of many vague orders during the battle. Ryzhov moved west along the North Valley. A small force cut off over the Woronzlov Heights towards Kadikoi. The 93rd Highland Foot was positioned behind a ridge in the road to take cover from the artillery turned against them. The commander of the 93rd, Sir Colin Campbell, arranged his men two deep (instead of the doctrinal four deep) standing abreast. On their flanks were Turks who fired one volley before retreating. Sir Colin Campbell rode up and down the line saying: There is no retreat from here men, you must die where you stand. The 93rd fired three volleys into the advancing cavalry. The Russians wheeled and retreated to rejoin Ryzhovs main body (See Figure 1, B). The Crimean War was the first war to see war cor-respondents on the battlefield. London Times correspondent W.H. Russell watched the scene and wrote of seeing the thin red streak tipped with steel. This ph rase would be shortened into the now common phrase The Thin Red Line (93rd Sutherland Highland Regiment of Foot Living History Unit, Inc.). Follow, and up the hill, up the hill, up the hill, Followd the Heavy Brigade. Tennyson, The Charge of the Heavy Brigade The Heavy Brigade was next to be involved against the Russians. The Thin Red Line had succeeded and Ryzhov had halted about one hundred yards uphill from the Heavy Brigade. Brigadier Scarlett, facing the main enemy cavalry force, wheeled his force and although outnumbered, charged uphill toward the Russian cavalry (See Figure 1, C). Even someone completely unfamiliar with military tactics can understand that consideration of the terrain could have placed the Heavy Brigade in a better location instead of positioning them to charge uphill. Despite this terrain dis-advantage, after some heavy fighting, the Russian cavalry broke and retreated back to the Woronzlov Heights (Anthill, 2001). Into the valley of Death rode the six hundred. Tennyson, The Charge of the Light Brigade The greatest blunder of the battle, and one that lives in infamy began at approximately 1015. Raglan ordered to advance and seize any opportunity to retake the Heights, but did not specify which heights. Rather than seek clarification, Lucan took this to mean the Woronzlov Heights and moved the Light Brigade into the North Valley and kept the Heavy Brigade in the South. Raglan saw the Russians were moving to haul away the captured guns from the redoubts. In what resembled a bad example of the childrens game of telephone Raglan gave an order to his Quartermaster, Brigadier Airey, who in turn wrote the order as Lord Raglan wishes the Cavalry to advance rapidly to the front, follow the enemy, and try to prevent the enemy carrying away the guns. Troop Horse Artillery may accompany. French Cavalry is on your left. Immediate (The National Archives, United Kingdom) and gave it to his Aide de Camp, Captain Nolan, who in turn relayed the order to Lieutenant General Lucan. What message Nolan p assed to Lucan is unknown, though Lucan claimed that Nolan vaguely waved his arm across the North Valley and stated that they were to charge the guns. From his lack of situational awareness, Lucan only knew of the guns at the end of the North Valley where Ryzhov had moved. The next stage of the blunder came into play. Lord Cardigan, the commander of the Light Brigade, had recently divorced Lucans youngest; not creating the best command climate. Lucan ordered Cardigan to charge the guns. As Cardigan started the Light Brigade up the 2 kilometers of the North Valley, Nolan was waving his sword in the air, possible to try and redirect the charge toward the redoubts when he was killed (see Figure 3). The Light Brigade took artillery fire from one of the captured batteries on their right flank, three batteries on their left flank, and from the battery they were charging toward. They pushed through the line of guns and forced Ryzhovs cavalry to retreat back. The Russians believed the Briti sh must have been drunk. The French Marshal Bousqet stated It is magnificent, but it is not war: it is madness. Twenty minutes after the start of the charge, the survivors returned. Six-hundred thirty-seven started the charge. The brigade lost three-hundred sixty men and five-hundred seventeen horses (Anthill, 2001). The French Cavalry swept in and cleared the Fedioukine Heights (see Figure 2) to protect the Light Brigades flank during the retreat. The British infantry divisions moved into the valley and continued a halfhearted fight against the Russians for the rest of the afternoon. The Russians held the Woronzlov Heights and pulled away the captured guns. Aftermath and Conclusion Blame for the destruction of the Light Brigade began soon after the battle. Raglan blamed Cardigan who blamed Lucan who blamed Nolan. Since Nolan was killed in the battle, he couldnt defend himself. The matter would be debated for decades. The press coverage exalted the bravery of the Light Brigade instead of the failures of the command. Cardigan went home to Britain as a hero and was made Inspector General of the Cavalry. Lucan was made the scapegoat by the British command, but was still awarded with the Order of the Bath. This attitude of bravery over intelligence led operations would prevail in the British military until World War I. Both sides claimed the battle as a victory. The British succeeded in defending Balaclava. The Russians, although failing to break through the Allied lines of communication, had succeeded in taking strategic positions. The Battle of Balaclava and especially the charge of the Light Brigade remains a classic example of military failures in intelligence and communication. Todays Soldiers can identify with the importance of clarifying vague orders. The modern version of the operations order and fragmentary orders used by the United States Army greatly aid in this clarification. Clearly defining the Commanders intent is possibly the most stressed step for the planning cell when preparing an operations order. If the British military had used modern methods of intelligence preparation of the battlefield, they could have better planned for the defense. They could have defined the avenues of approach, established fields of fire, and been aware of how the terrain affected line of sight. If the commanders on the field had been kept aware of the overall battlefield situation, rather than just what was within view, the Light Brigade may have moved according to Raglans intent. The Battle of Balaclava, especially the charge of the Light Brigade, remains a classic example of military failures in intelligence and communication. File:Battle of Balaclava (map 1).png Figure 1. (Public domain) File:Battle of Balaclava (map 2).png Figure 2. (Public domain) File:Charge Timeline.jpg Figure 3. (Public domain)

The Superstring Mystery -- Theory Of Everything? :: essays research papers fc

In 1979 two scientists met at The Center for Nuclear Research (CERN). These men's names are Michael Green and John Schwarz. John Schwarz had been working on the Theory of Superstrings/ Theory of Everything. Michael Green the younger of the two men was studying all research that he could get his hands on, and was fascinated by the Theory. John Schwarz who had been tired of the Theory of Superstrings and the Theory of Everything in 1974 saw a new passion and new data that would be the fuel for Michael and his own research. Very few other scientists wanted to become involved in the Theories and left the Theories to the two men. Green and Schwarz found this perfectly acceptable, because they would now be receiving all credit for their work. The Old Paradigm is that the universe is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The New Paradigm states that the universe is not made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons but rather tiny Superstrings that vibrate at specific frequencies. ( Like a guitar string.) Using complicated formula's such as E8 X E8 divides in two, in the Big Bang and creates two identical universes E8 and E8 shadow, this allows the theory to explain the four forces of nature, and it even indicates a universe of "shadow matter" that exists in a parallel to our own. The theory also suggests that our universe evolved out of a higher dimensional space during the first instances of the Big Bang. What this means is that during the Big Bang there was an escape of particles and a whole lot of other stuff that created our universe. This 'Stuff' that escaped from the 'bag' was only half of the equation. This acting like twins, or as called earlier a parallel universe that in theory is the same as our own. Evident resistance to the Superstring and Theory of Everything is the fact that the money needed to build a machine (Relativistic Klystron Two Beam Accelerator) that will be able to produce enough energy as at the beginning of creation is near impossible. The coming of a machine as the RK/TBA may present the last thinkable experiment of this sort carried out by scientists. The faith that physicists have that the goal is within reach, is only based on the beauty of their Superstrings Theories. Should the building of the RK/TBA succeed in producing the energies the scientists are intending it to, then it will be decided whether the physicists will find; everything or nothing. The greatest impact that The Superstring Theories will have on society as a

African American Vernacular Essay

According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, the definition of vernacular is â€Å"of, relating to, or being a nonstandard language or dialect of a place, region, or country. † In terms of African American history, the evolution of vernacular is very important and a very unique part of the culture. The African American vernacular has aided the development of a distinct culture in terms of what African Americans were subjected to from the installation of slavery. The African American vernacular was used as a way to expose the atrocities that African Americans were imperiled to through songs and language. â€Å"Go down Moses ,† a spiritual and â€Å"Strange Fruit,† performed by Billie Holiday are two songs that represent the vernacular of African American culture. â€Å"Go down Moses,† was a song that had a Christian religious theme that spoke of the Israelites being enslaved by Pharaoh in Egypt’s land. Spirituals had ambiguous meanings that included a reverence for Christianity and a desire to be free from the bondages of slavery. â€Å"Strange Fruit† was a song originally written as a poem that exposed racism against African American and called for a social change. Although they bear some similarities, the differences between â€Å"Go down Moses† and â€Å"Strange Fruit† include setting, meaning and cultural impact. According to The Norton Anthology of African American Literature by Henry Louis-Gates Jr, Spirituals were a very important part of African American culture during the time of slavery. And still are today, although they are widely known as gospels. Spirituals have a Christian religious theme and are usually performed a cappella with a single melody. (Gates Jr, 2003) African American Spirituals are the predecessor to the blues, gospels, jazz and rap/hip-hop. Spirituals are also referred to as Negro spirituals, Black spirituals, folk songs and jubilees. Spirituals were sung to provide comfort and ease the pain of the harsh daily tasks that slaves were submitted to. They were also seen as an expression of spiritual devotion and a yearning for freedom from the bondages of slavery. (Gates Jr, 2003) They were also a means of releasing pent up emotions and expressing sorrow. More importantly, they served a subversive purpose. Songs like â€Å"Steal away to Jesus,† â€Å"Swing low,† â€Å"Sweet Chariot,† â€Å"Didn’t my Lord Deliver Daniel? † and â€Å"Go down Moses†served a dual purpose during the times of slavery. Spirituals were used as a code between the slaves to aide with the task of attempting to escape slavery or the thought of escaping from bondage. â€Å"Go down Moses† first recorded by Paul Robeson, is a song riddled with ambiguous tones. On the surface, this song tells the story of the Israelites as slaves, which is found in the books of Genesis and Exodus. Moses was called by God to instruct Pharaoh to free the Israelites from the bondages of slavery. â€Å"Go down Moses, way down in Egypt’s land, tell old Pharaoh to let my people go† is one line from the song. African slaves forcefully bought to the Americas were converted to Christianity and although they weren’t taught to read or write, they were taught the teachings of the bible. White slave owners used the stories of the sufferings of the Israelites and the affirmation of â€Å"life after death† which is seen throughout the bible, to justify slavery. (Gates Jr. 2003) In the song, â€Å"Go down Moses,† Pharaoh represented the White Slave owners, Israel represented the African American Slaves and Egypt represented the Americas or the United States. â€Å"Strange Fruit† is a song most famously recorded and performed in 1939 by Billie Holiday. The song was written as a poem by Abel Meerpol, a teacher. According to The Norton Anthology of African American Literature, the poem exposed racism in the United States. It shed light on the lynching of African American men in the South. Lynching’s occurred in other regions of the United States, but mainly in the South. â€Å"Strange Fruit† is commonly known as a song of social change. As mentioned before, this poem helped to expose racism in the U. S. During this time, many people were fighting for the civil rights of African American that had been stymied by institutionalized racism. Jim Crow laws of the South are an example of institutionalized racism. Jim Crow laws limited the civil rights of African American and deemed them second class citizens. Even during the days of slavery, there were many efforts made that helped to expose the atrocities that occurred against African Americans. This included photographs and written works such as books and newspaper articles. During the early 20th century, racism against African Americans was exposed via songs that called for a change of societal practices and views. â€Å"Southern trees bear a strange fruit, blood on the leaves and blood at the root, black bodies swinging in the southern breeze†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are some of the lyrics of the song â€Å"Strange Fruit. † â€Å"Here is fruit for the crows to pluck, for the rain togather, for the wind to suck, for the sun to rot, for the trees to drop, here is a strange and bitter crop† are more lyrics to the same song. Imagining a black body swinging from a tree, it can be viewed as a strange fruit or a bitter crop. Hearing the song performed, makes the lyrics and the meaning more ominous. As mentioned before, Billie Holiday recorded the song in 1939 but almost 25 years later, Nina Simone also recorded the song. Concerning the sub-genre social change music, there are many songs written and performed that exposes the way of life for African Americans. This includes â€Å"The Revolution will not be televised† recorded by Gil Scott-Heron in 1970 and â€Å"The Message† recorded by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five in 1982. Both these songs are considered important to the evolution of African American vernacular because just like â€Å"Strange Fruit† it exposed the racism, prejudices and discrimination that African Americans were subjected to and how it affected their lives. Both the songs â€Å"Go down Moses† and â€Å"Strange Fruit† have an abundance of differences as was mentioned. However they differ in setting or time, meaning and cultural impact. Spirituals were originally sung during the times of slavery, during the 18th and 19th century. They were seen as a reverence to the Christian religion while at the same time, they were also seen as a yearning for freedom from the bondages of slavery. Spirituals developed into gospel songs which are a main staple of the black church in the United States. â€Å"Strange Fruit† was written, recorded and performed during the 19th century. And although slavery had been abolished for maybe 80 years, African Americans still dealt with prejudices, racism and discrimination. These social change songs were developed to expose those prejudices. The lyrics of â€Å"Strange Fruit† mention the â€Å"black bodies swinging†¦ from the poplar trees. † Unlike spirituals, social change had no ambiguous meaning. It meant to directly display the ugliness of what was going on at the time. One more similarity that should be mentioned which highlight the uniqueness concerning African American vernacular in the way in which both these songs were sung. The tone in which Paul Robeson performs â€Å"Go down Moses’ is similar to the way Billie Holiday and Nina Simone performed â€Å"Strange Fruit. † You can see, hear, and feel the soul, essence, pain, and significance of both songs when they were performed. That sense of soul is the one unique component of African American vernacular that sets us apart from all the others.

Bipolar Disorder A Psychiatric Disorder - 947 Words

Bipolar disorder, like schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, is a severe psychiatric disorder. The disorder, as presented in Inder et al and Rusner et al, entails so much more than simply the highs (mania) and lows (depression). It is a disorder that causes intra- as well as interpersonal conflicts and difficulties. Some of the intrapersonal issues that arise with having bipolar disorder are the sense of identity confusion, feelings of inadequacy and ineffectiveness, self-esteem and self-worth and a sense of loss. Given that the onset of disorder occurs during the formative teenage years it can lead to a sense of identity confusion, leading individual to question is this who I really am or is this the disorder? The development of one’s self is paramount to how one will present and subsequently interact with others. For some, the disorder becomes their identity and there’s an inability to separate the two. More often than not, the symptoms of the disorder interfer e with school and work and people are forced to quit leaving them with a feeling of being unproductive, which in turns affects a person’s sense of self worth and self esteem. It is no wonder then that with all the internal conflicts and struggles going on that an individual dealing with bipolar disorder would have problems with relationships and intimacy. The â€Å"Manic Episode† was rather reminiscent of a client I worked with while providing in-home family preservation services. 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